This detailed overview study encompasses several conventional fields of development planning and explores innovative local planning approaches with an emphasis on land resource planning and the management of natural resources. It brings together lessons from experience in rural planning from across the developing world. Examples are taken from Africa, Asia and Latin America. Past and current practice in rural planning is examined; opportunities for improving strategic and participatory approaches are explored and the principles of these approaches are underlined. The report draws attention to the relationships between strategic planning and local economic development. There are five chapters which deal with: lessons from experience in regional planning; conventional technical planning approaches; approaches to participation in planning; the basis for collaboration; and recommendations and conclusions.