This paper examines change in West African agricultural systems, the major challenges being faced by smallholders in the region and pathways for the future, given international pressure and domestic restraints. It aims to strengthen debate on West African agriculture, the role of family farms and trade policy at national, regional and global levels. It also aims to identify and document how agricultural patterns and livelihoods are evolving in different parts of the region, to identify winners and losers, to outline the impact of OECD trade and agricultural policy on farming livelihoods, and to highlight the opportunities for producer organisations to influence policy design and negotiations in partnership with diverse organisations and interests in West Africa.