There has been increasing support in recent years for the use of payments for environmental services (PES) as a means to advance the goals of both poverty reduction and conservation. Payments for Environmental Services are compensation mechanisms that reward people for managing ecosystems and providing environmental services, and are based on the premise that positive incentives can lead to changes in land-use practices. The Communal Areas Management Programme for Indigenous Resources (CAMPFIRE) is a longstanding initiative that shares many of the features of PES. CAMPFIRE began in the late 1980s in Zimbabwe and has been widely emulated in southern and eastern Africa. Under this programme, communities using land under communal tenure have been granted authority to market the wildlife in their area to safari operators. The revenue and other benefits received on behalf of the communities is paid out to them according to an agreed formula. In this paper, we describe the CAMPFIRE programme’s evolution and we explore some of the lessons learned about implementation, performance, outcomes and possible adaptations that may help in the development of PES programmes.

Cette étude se situe dans le cadre du programme de coopération de Helvetas Mali, qui vise à améliorer les relations entre agriculteurs et éleveurs. Ce dossier est le résultat d’une recherche effectuée dans les régions du Kaarta et du Fuladugu au Mali sur la gestion des ressources naturelles (GRN) et les conflits liés à leur utilisation.

This CD Rom includes the following titles: Governance and Land Relations. A Review of Decentralisation of Land Administration and Management in Africa by Liz Alden Wily Land Tenure and Administration in Africa: Lessons of Experience and Emerging Issues Lorenzo Cotula, Camilla Toulmin, Ced Hesse Making Land Rights More Secure: International workshop for researchers and policy makers. Ougadougou, 19-21 March 2002

In May 2002, there was a review of the approach taken in management of the Mamiraua Sustainable Development Reserve in Brazil. This review yielded many valuable lessons regarding how to begin to reconcile conservation and development objectives with an economically poor and socially marginalized area. It analyses the approach adopted for collaborative management in fisheries and forestry, in creating enabling policy frameworks, and the introduction of alternative economic activities based on conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity.

Demand for palm oil is growing fast. Global production has doubled over the past ten years and is expected to double again in the next decade. This report provides a systematic overview of the main types of arrangements for smallholder palm oil production, and identies the most promising current options for improving practice, particularly in arrangements of smallholders with plantation companies and government agencies.

This special edition of Participatory Learning and Action is a collation of lessons and innovative tools that have been developed by the facilitators of community-based natural resource management programmes in southern Africa and is also an important resource for facilitators in other regions. These tools have been broadly divided into two categories: facilitators tools and management tools. Tools in the former category range from Theatre for Africa's role in policy development to the CAMPFIRE Game for improving training in financial management. The managment tools have been developed to allow communities to manage wildlife in modern market economies. Examples of these tools range from the event book system developed in Namibia to the quota setting methodologies developed in Zimbabwe.

A broad arch of deforestation spans the lower Brazilian Amazon, cutting through the State of Mato Grosso. At the forest frontier, varied traditions of family farming are being adapted by migrant settlers of diverse origins. The forceful expansion of soybean plantations led by global markets is displacing family farms or incorportating them into out-growing schemes. Commodity plantations are pushing cattle ranching further into the forests. Logging is also opening up new access at the frontier. Conflicts are all but inevitable. As associations endeavor to strengthen the voice of marginalized groups their role and functions continue to evolve. This report analyses eight active associations along the BR 163 highway in Mato Grosso. It assesses the factors that have allowed them to function and spread benefits to the poor. It also identifies the types of external support that have proven useful.

Barbara Ward is remembered as one of the great intellectuals and internationalists of the 20th century. And among the first champions of sustainable development. In this book, David Satterthwaite describes her life and her works, especially the main themes of her many books. This includes a discussion of her contribution to the formative years of the Sustainable Development agenda and her role in building the International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED). The book also includes personal recollections about Barbara Ward from Maurice Strong, David Runnalls, Sartaj Aziz and Sir Richard Jolly.

The outcomes of an electronic conference on the ‘Future of Food and Small Scale Producers’ are presented in this report. The electronic discussion primarily involved indigenous, small and family farmers, landless and fisherfolk as well as their representative organisations. The focus was on small-scale food producers – women and men who produce and harvest field and tree crops as well as livestock, fish and other aquatic organisms. The E-Conference process was thus specifically designed to allow the excluded to voice their views, analysis and priorities on the future of food, farming, environment and human well being. Contributors were invited to describe the practice and underlying rationale of farmers and indigenous peoples’ alternatives to the modernization and industrialization of food, agriculture and land/water use. The views and analysis of small scale producers that are summarised in this report offer a deeper understanding of alternative movements in rural and urban areas. Contributors explain why keeping farmers and indigenous peoples on their land is of fundamental importance for the well being of society and nature throughout the world.

Uganda's 2,000-3,000 forest-based associations play an important role in the country's sustainable development. They include community groups made up of individuals (and often with a strong social focus) and industrial groups made up of enterprises (and often with a commercial focus). They span a number of different areas: forest production (both timber and non-timber forest products), primary and secondary processing, management, training and enterprise support and environmental services (such as ecotourism or carbon sequestration projects). This report surveys 62 different associations. It charts the reasons for their formation, the systems by which they govern their activities, the distribution of costs and benefits to members and the nature of external intervention and support. It draws out lessons about the types of association that contribute most to rural livelihoods and appropriate forms of support.